“As Mr. J.L. Hitchings was one of the first to point out (in Sherlock Holmes, the Logician), Holmes throughout the Canon is wont to refer to his entire process of reasoning as “the science of deduction.” His usual method, however, is to make brilliant inferences from minute details he has observed – and this, strictly speaking is induction – that is, reasoning from the particular to the general – rather than deduction – reasoning from general to the particular.”
From “The Annotated Sherlock Holmes, Volume I”, by William S. Baring-Gould